Research has shown that there may be a link between prostate cancer and breast cancer. A family history of breast cancer is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Certain genetic mutations that increase the risk of breast cancer may result in an increased risk of prostate cancer in men. And there are also similar biological processes that can contribute to the development of both of these types of cancers.
However, breast cancer and prostate cancer are among the most common types of cancers, and they are not always associated with a family history or with recognized genetic mutations. Furthermore, there are treatments for these types of cancer, and they are more effective when they are initiated at an early stage. So it is important that you have your recommended health screenings even if you don’t have any known risk factors.
Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer
Men who have a personal history of breast cancer or a family history of breast cancer may be at a higher risk of getting prostate cancer. While the exact reasons for this link are not completely clear, both types of cancer are associated with inflammation and with similar processes of carcinogenesis (cancer cell development).
BRCA Genes
Mutations in two genes known as BRCA1 and BRCA2 are linked with a higher risk of breast cancer in women and men, and with a higher risk of ovarian cancer in women. These gene mutations are often inherited and run in families, but they can also develop de novo (without an inherited pattern).
Men who have these genetic mutations are at an increased risk of prostate cancer as well as pancreatic cancer.
Mutations of both genes have been shown to be associated with a higher risk of developing prostate cancer, and evidence suggests that mutations in BRCA2 are more strongly correlated with prostate cancer risk.
Prostate Cancer Testing
All men with metastatic prostate cancer should be tested for the BRCA genes. However, having these mutations does not mean that a man will definitely develop prostate cancer. Additionally, most men who develop prostate cancer do not have BRCA mutations.
If a mutation is found, it could affect the age at which initial screening is recommended.
